1. a) Pollen grains are made in the
b) The part of a leaf cell which carries out photosynthesis is the
cell surface membrane cell wall chloroplast vacuole
c) Glucose is a
carbohydrate fat mineral protein
d) A developing fetus receives oxygen from its mother across the
amnion oviduct placenta uterus
e) The vertebrates which lay eggs with hard shells are
amphibians birds fish reptiles
f) Light energy in photosynthesis is absorbed by
carbon dioxide chlorophyll oxygen water
g) The producers in food chains are
blackbirds earthworms humans plants
h) The digestion of starch produces
fat glucose protein water
i) All living organisms
hunt for food lay eggs photosynthesise respire
j) A disease caused by poor diet is
influenza meningitis scurvy tuberculosis (TB)
(10)
2. Here are some instructions which the school nurse gives to new pupils in a school. Give an explanation why each one is important for our health.
(a) Always sneeze into a handkerchief.
(b) Do not spit in public places.
(c) Wash your hands thoroughly after using the lavatory.
(d) Never inhale glue or other solvents.
(e) Have a shower every day.
(5)
3. Lack of iron and protein in the diet are common problems in many parts of the world and this can cause widespread illness. Iron is used to make red blood cells.
(a) What is the function of red blood cells?
(1)
(b) A person who has insufficient red blood cells suffers from anaemia. Suggest one possible symptom of anaemia.
(1)
(c) Why do we need protein in our diet?
(2)
Rice is a good source of enerqy-rich carbohydrates, but it contains little iron or protein, Scientists are producing new types of rice which contain much more iron and protein. They are doing this by introducing special genes into the nuclei of the celiS of the rice plants.
(d) Why is it important to introduce the new genes into the nuclei of the rice cells?
(2)
(e) Brown rice contains more dietary fibre than white rice. Why do we need fibre in our diet?
(1)
4. According to some new studies done in the United States of America, freshwater species of animals are dying out much faster than land animals; in fact, it is estimated that by 2100 the number of amphibians in America will be reduced by a quarter.
(a) Name two characteristics which you could use to identify amphibians.
Characteristic One: (1)
Characteristic Two: (1)
Scientists think that the rivers and lakes are becoming heavily polluted with waste from homes and industry.
(b) Suggest two ways in which pollution might be reducing the numbers of amphibians.
(i) (1)
(ii) (1)
(c) In heavily polluted areas of the United States of America there are often serious plagues of insects. How might this be connected to the disappearance of amphibians?
(2)
5. Tarquin smokes cigarettes. Describe the harmful changes, caused by cigarettes, which take place in Tarquin's body.
(4)
6. Aerobic respiration occurs inside all the cells of the human body.
(a) Completethe word equation for aerobic respiration .
+ oxygen --> + water + (3)
(b) Use this equation to explain why the air you breathe out is hotter than the air you breathe in.
(2)
Alex rode a bicycle very fast for two minutes and then rested for fourteen minutes. The temperatures inside his mouth and on the surface of his skin were measured every 10 seconds and the results were processed by a computer.
Look at the graph carefully.
(c) (i) Which of the two graphs shows the greater range of temperatures?
(1)
(ii) Why do you think this is?
(1)
(d) Using the graph, estimate how long it would take for the temperature at the skin surface to return to the starting temperature .
(2)
(e) Suggest two reasons why exercise is important for healthy living.
(i) (1)
(ii) (1)
(a) Explain how the chloroplasts of the cell (X) are involved in producing oxygen gas.
(2)
(b) In which part of the plant could you expect this cell to be found?
(1)
(c) Identify part V and explain its importance to plant cells.
8. Explain what is meant by the following pairs of terms.
(a) Pollination: (1)
Fertilisation: (1)
(b) Photosynthesis: (1)
Respiration: (1)
(c) Seeds: (1)
Fruits: (1)
9. Describe what happens in your mouth when you chew a piece of bread.
(5)