1 a) Asexual reproduction always involves
b) A raw material for photosynthesis is
carbon dioxide glucose carbon monoxide oxygen
c) During germination seeds do not normally need
light food water oxygen
d) In a food chain a fungus is a
producer carnivore decomposer herbivore
e) The width of a cell is usually measured in
metres millimetres micrometres macrometres
f) The male gametes in a flowering plant are found in the
ovules pollen grains seeds zygotes
g) In the human body the liver is situated
above the heart below the thorax
inside the thorax between the lungs
h) An animal cell does not have
a cell wall a cell membrane cytoplasm a nucleus
i) A lizard is classified as a vertebrate because it has
a backbone a flexible body a scaly skin jointed limbs
j) The main function of a plant's root hairs is to
help glucose to enter the plant store food
help water to enter the plant make new cells for growth
(10)
2. The diagram shows one side of a complete human skull.
(a) (i) Name part A (1)
(ii) What is the function of part B?
(1)
(iii) Draw a line on the diagram to show the position of a muscle which would close the lower jaw. (1)
(b) What is the total number of teeth in this skull? (1)
(c) Suggest two causes of tooth decay.
(i) (1)
(ii) (1)
(d) Suggest two benefits of using toothpaste for cleaning teeth.
(i) (1)
(ii) (1)
3.
The graph shows the number of cases of food poisoning reported to doctors in England and Wales for the years 1990-95.
(a) What does this graph tell you about the occurrence of food poisoning in England and Wales for the years 1990-95?
(3)
(b) Suggest reasons why there were more cases of food poisoning in 1995 compared with 1993. (2)
4. Write a letter to a friend explaining tlie dangers of alcohol abuse.
(3)
5. The drawing below shows the inside of a flower from an apple tree.
(a) Name the structures labelled A, B, C and D on the drawing.
A (1)
B (1)
C (1)
D (1)
(b) The apple flower has to be pollinated before the apple fruit can grow.
(i) Explain what is meant by pollination.
(1)
(ii) How is pollination likely to be achieved in this flower?
(1)
(c) (i) Write an X on the diagram where you think the apple fruit might develop.
(ii) Describe how you would find out which part of the flower develops into the apple fruit.
(2)
(d) 'An apple a day keeps the doctor away.' Suggest two reasons why apples are good for you.
(i) (1)
(ii) (1)
6. Explain how a fetus is supplied with oxygen. Use the following terms in your explanation. They need not be in this order.
diffuses fetus' blood mother's blood placenta umbilical cord
(5)
7. The graph shows the numbers of ladybirds (predators) and aphids (prey) on a rose bush over a period of 12 weeks.
(a) How many weeks did it take for the predator to reach its maximum population size?
(1)
(b) What was the lowest recorded number of prey organisms?
(1)
(c) How would the introduction of another predator of aphids affect the size of the aphid and ladybird populations? Explain your answers.
(i) The aphid population.
(2)
(ii) The ladybird population.
(2)
(d) The diagram shows the feeding s- tructure of an aphid. Aphids feed on fluids inside the leaves and stems of rose plants.
(i) Suggest how the aphid uses the feeding structure to feed in this way.
(2)
(ii) The aphid is an insect. Which features of this drawing show that it is an insect?
(2)
(iii) Insects and spiders are both arthropods. Give one way in which they are the same.
(1)
(iv) Give one way in which they are different.
(1)
(e) Use the information given above to complete the food chain below.
--> --> (1)
(f) The leaves of the roses are looKing rather yellow, and the gardener thinks this may be caused by shortage of a particular element in the soil.
(i) Name one element in the soil needed by plants for healthy growth.
(1)
(ii) What would you do to find out if shortage of this element was causing the yellowing of the leaves of the roses?
(4)