Ying Wah Chinese School

1      a) In the dark a plant uses up

oxygen

b) In the light a pond snail produces

carbon dioxide           glucose          nitrogen           oxygen

carbon dioxide

c) Once the products of digestion have been absorbed, the waste materials remaining in the gut are

egested           excreted           ingested           secreted

egested

d) Spiders are included in the arthropods because they have

eight legs           jointed limbs           no wings           two parts to the body

jointed limbs

e) The producer in this food chain:          oak leaf --> caterpillar --> robin --> sparrow-hawk, is the

caterpillar           oak leaf           robin           sparrow-hawk 

oak leaf

f) The arrows in a food chain show

how much the organisms eat           the decrease in numbers of organisms

the speed of the food chain             where energy goes

where energy goes

g) Fertilisation in flowering plants happens when the

nuclei in the ovule and pollen fuse           pollen lands on the stigma

pollen sends a tube down the style         pollen tube enters the ovule

nuclei in the ovule and pollen fuse

h) Enzymes in the gut convert insoluble substances into

glucose           large molecules           soluble substances           starch

soluble substances

i) Fibre in the diet is useful because it

comes from plants                       helps to make us strong

keeps the bowels healthy           provides energy

keeps the bowels healthy

j) Respiration is the

exchange of gases in the lungs           reaction between oxygen and food in the cells
removal of carbon dioxide by the blood from the tissues
transport of oxygen by the blood to all the cells of the body

reaction between oxygen and food in the cells 

 (10)

 

 

 

2. The following instructions are given to chefs in restaurants and hotels. Give a reason for each one.

(a) Food should not be left uncovered in the kitchen.

To prevent harmful bacteria from contaminating it and making it unsafe to eat.(1)

 (b) Wash your hands thoroughly after using the toilet.

To prevent the spread of germs.(1)

 (c) Chicken should be cooked thoroughly before it is eaten.

Bacteria can be present in the chicken and, if not cooked thoroughly, can cause food poisoning.(1)

(d) Do not smoke cigarettes in the kitchen.

To prevent transfer of bacteria from the mouth to hands. Cigarette ends and ash also pose physical contamination risks.(1)

(e) Meat should be chopped up on a different board from vegetables.

To prevent cross-contamination.(1)

 

 

 

 

3.  Describe three types of pollution and explain why each is harmful to humans.

Type of pollution: cigrette smoke

Explanation:         Tar in cigrette smoke causes cancer(2)

Type of pollution: Sulphur Dioxide and Nitrogen Dioxide

Explanation:         These gases irritate the airways of the lungs, increasing the symptoms of those suffering from lung diseases(2)

Type of pollution: Carbon Monoxide

Explanation:         Prevent the uptake of oxygen by the blood leading to death(2)

 

 

 

 

4. Describe what happens in your body when you touch a hot object.

 (6) 

 

 

 

 

5. This is a plan of a pond in Sally's garden.

 

(a) (i) What is the maximum length of the pond? Do not include the pebble beach.

     (1)

      (ii) Give two ways in which clumps of floating pondweed benefit the animals living in the pond.

     (2)

 

Sally measured the temperature of the water at sites A and B every day and calculated the averages shown below.

 

average temperature (°C)	January- February	March- April	May- June	July- August	September- October	November- December
site A	0	5	15	25	20	10
site B	4	6	8	10	8	4

(b) Plot these results on the graph paper below and join up the points to show how the temperature varies at each site.

       Label each line clearly.

 

(4)

 

Sally measured the temperature of the water at the bottom of the pond at the same time each day.

(c)  (i) Suggest why she measured the temperature of the water at the same time each day

        (1)

      (ii) Suggest why she measured the temperature of the water at the bottom of the pond.

        (1)

 

Sally discovered that she had newts (a type of amphibian) in her pond. In May and June they were seen mainly in the shallow parts of the pond, whereas in July and August they were seen mainly under the lily leaves and in the deeper parts of the pond.

 (d) (i) Using the graph you have plotted, explain Sally's observations.

        (2)

       (ii) In January and February, Sally could not see any newts at all. Where do you think they were, and why?

        (2)

 

 

 

 

6. Describe an experiment which you could do to find out if light is needed for photosynthesis. Use the objects shown below in your description. You may include other pieces of apparatus if you wish. What precautions would you take to work safely?

 

 

  (7)

 

 

 

 

7. This is a diagram of a fetus in the uterus of a pregnant woman, just before birth.

(a) (i)  Name part A:   (1)

     (ii)  Name part B:   (1)

The baby is formed when the gametes join together to form a cell which then divides and grows into the fetus. The genes determine the characteristcs of organisms.
(b) (i)  Explain why the baby will show similarities to both parents but not be identical to either of them.

     (2)

     (ii)  What do we call the cell which is formed when the gametes fuse?

     (1)

     (iii) Where in the female does the fusion of the gametes take place?

     (1)

(c) (i)  What is the function of the amniotic fluid?

     (1)

     (ii) Name two chemicals which travel from the mother to the fetus along the umbilical cord.

          (a)  (1)

          (b)  (1)

            (iii) Name one chemical which travels from the fetus to the mother along the umbilical cord.

     (1)

(d) What precautions should the woman take during her pregnancy to help her to give birth to a healthy baby?

  (3)